![\"tic](\"https:\/\/techvidvan.com\/tutorials\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2019\/12\/tic-tac-toe-project-in-python.gif\")
<\/a><\/p>\nPython Tic Tac Toe – Project Details<\/h3>\n
The interesting Python project will be build using the pygame library. We will be explaining all the pygame object methods that are used in this project. Pygame is a great library that will allow us to create the window and draw images and shapes on the window. This way we will capture mouse coordinates and identify the block where we need to mark \u2018X\u2019 or \u2018O\u2019. Then we will check if the user wins the game or not.<\/p>\n
Download Tic Tac Toe Project code<\/h3>\n
Please download the full source code of tic tac toe project:\u00a0Tic Tac Toe Python Project<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n To implement this game, we will use the basic concepts of Python and Pygame which is a Python library for building cross-platform games. It contains the modules needed for computer graphics and sound libraries. To install the library, you can use pip installer from the command line:<\/p>\n First, let’s check the steps to build Tic Tac Toe program in Python:<\/p>\n We need to run our game inside an infinite loop. It will continuously look for events and when a user presses the mouse button on the grid we will first get the X and Y coordinates of the mouse. Then we will check which square the user has clicked. Then we will draw the appropriate \u2018X\u2019 or \u2018O\u2019 image on the canvas. So that is basically what we will do in this Python project idea.<\/p>\n So let\u2019s start by importing the pygame library and the time library because we will use the time.sleep()<\/strong> method to pause game at certain positions. Then we initialize all the global variables that we will use in our Tic Tac Toe game.<\/p>\n Here, the TTT is the main 3×3 Tic Tac Toe board and at first, it will have 9 None values. The height and width of the canvas where we will play the game is 400×400.<\/p>\n We use the pygame to create a new window where we’ll play our Tic Tac Toe game. So we initialize the pygame<\/a> with pg.init()<\/strong> method and the window display is set with a width of 400 and a height of 500. We have reserved 100-pixel space for displaying the status of the game.<\/p>\n The pg.display.set_mode()<\/strong> initializes the display and we reference it with the screen variable. This screen variable will be used whenever we want to draw something on the display.<\/p>\n The pg.display.set_caption method is used to set a name that will appear at the top of the display window.<\/p>\n The Python project uses many images like the opening image that will display when the game starts or resets. The X and O images that we will draw when the user clicks on the grid. We load all the images and resize them so that they will fit easily in our window.<\/p>\n Now we create a function that will start the game. We will also use this function when we want to restart the game. In pygame, the blit()<\/strong> function is used on the surface to draw an image on top of another image.<\/p>\n So we draw the opening image and after drawing, we always need to update the display with pg.display.update()<\/strong>. When the opening image is drawn, we wait for 1 second using time.sleep(1)<\/strong> and fill the screen with white colour.<\/p>\n Next, we draw 2 vertical and horizontal lines on the white background to make the 3×3 grid. In the end, we call the draw_status()<\/strong> function<\/p>\n The draw_status()<\/strong> function draws a black rectangle where we update the status of the game showing which player\u2019s turn is it and whether the game ends or draws.<\/p>\n The check_win()<\/strong> function checks the Tic Tac Toe board to see all the marks of \u2018X\u2019 and \u2018O\u2019. It calculates whether a player has won the game or not. They can either win when the player has marked 3 consecutive marks in a row, column or diagonally. This function is called every time when we draw a mark \u2018X\u2019 or \u2018O\u2019 on the board.<\/p>\n The drawXO(row, col) function takes the row and column where the mouse is clicked and then it draws the \u2018X\u2019 or \u2018O\u2019 mark. We calculate the x and y coordinates of the starting point from where we’ll draw the png image of the mark.<\/p>\n The userClick()<\/strong> function is triggered every time the user presses the mouse button.<\/p>\n When the user clicks the mouse, we first take the x and y coordinates of where the mouse is clicked on the display window and then if that place is not occupied we draw the \u2018XO\u2019 on the canvas. We also check if the player wins or not after drawing \u2018XO\u2019 on the board.<\/p>\n The last function is the reset_game(). This will restart the game and we also reset all the variables to the beginning of the game.<\/p>\n 5. Run the tic tac toe game forever<\/p>\n To start the game, we will call the game_opening()<\/strong> function. Then, we run an infinite loop and continuously check for any event made by the user. If the user presses mouse button, the MOUSEBUTTONDOWN event will be captured and then we will trigger the userClick()<\/strong> function. Then if the user wins or the game draws, we reset the game by calling reset_game()<\/strong> function. We update the display in each iteration and we have set the frames per second to 30.<\/p>\n Hooray! The game is complete and ready to play. Save the source code with the tictactoe.py<\/strong> file name and run the file.<\/p>\n Output:<\/strong><\/p>\nPrerequisites<\/h3>\n
pip install pygame<\/pre>\n
Steps to Build a Python Tic Tac Toe Game<\/h2>\n
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1. Initializing game components<\/h3>\n
import pygame as pg,sys\nfrom pygame.locals import *\nimport time\n\n\n#initialize global variables\nXO = 'x'\nwinner = None\ndraw = False\nwidth = 400\nheight = 400\nwhite = (255, 255, 255)\nline_color = (10,10,10)\n\n#TicTacToe 3x3 board\nTTT = [[None]*3,[None]*3,[None]*3]<\/pre>\n
2. Initializing Pygame window<\/h3>\n
#initializing pygame window\npg.init()\nfps = 30\nCLOCK = pg.time.Clock()\nscreen = pg.display.set_mode((width, height+100),0,32)\npg.display.set_caption(\"Tic Tac Toe\")\n<\/pre>\n
3. Load and transform images<\/h3>\n
#loading the images\nopening = pg.image.load('tic tac opening.png')\nx_img = pg.image.load('x.png')\no_img = pg.image.load('o.png')\n\n#resizing images\nx_img = pg.transform.scale(x_img, (80,80))\no_img = pg.transform.scale(o_img, (80,80))\nopening = pg.transform.scale(opening, (width, height+100))<\/pre>\n4. Define the functions<\/h3>\n
def game_opening():\n screen.blit(opening,(0,0))\n pg.display.update()\n time.sleep(1)\n screen.fill(white)\n\n # Drawing vertical lines\n pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(width\/3,0),(width\/3, height),7)\n pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(width\/3*2,0),(width\/3*2, height),7)\n # Drawing horizontal lines\n pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(0,height\/3),(width, height\/3),7)\n pg.draw.line(screen,line_color,(0,height\/3*2),(width, height\/3*2),7)\n draw_status()\n<\/pre>\n
def draw_status():\n global draw\n\n if winner is None:\n message = XO.upper() + \"'s Turn\"\n else:\n message = winner.upper() + \" won!\"\n if draw:\n message = 'Game Draw!'\n\n font = pg.font.Font(None, 30)\n text = font.render(message, 1, (255, 255, 255))\n\n # copy the rendered message onto the board\n screen.fill ((0, 0, 0), (0, 400, 500, 100))\n text_rect = text.get_rect(center=(width\/2, 500-50))\n screen.blit(text, text_rect)\n pg.display.update()<\/pre>\n
def check_win():\n global TTT, winner,draw\n\n # check for winning rows\n for row in range (0,3):\n if ((TTT [row][0] == TTT[row][1] == TTT[row][2]) and(TTT [row][0] is not None)):\n # this row won\n winner = TTT[row][0]\n pg.draw.line(screen, (250,0,0), (0, (row + 1)*height\/3 -height\/6),\\\n (width, (row + 1)*height\/3 - height\/6 ), 4)\n break\n\n # check for winning columns\n for col in range (0, 3):\n if (TTT[0][col] == TTT[1][col] == TTT[2][col]) and (TTT[0][col] is not None):\n # this column won\n winner = TTT[0][col]\n #draw winning line\n pg.draw.line (screen, (250,0,0),((col + 1)* width\/3 - width\/6, 0),\\\n ((col + 1)* width\/3 - width\/6, height), 4)\n break\n\n # check for diagonal winners\n if (TTT[0][0] == TTT[1][1] == TTT[2][2]) and (TTT[0][0] is not None):\n # game won diagonally left to right\n winner = TTT[0][0]\n pg.draw.line (screen, (250,70,70), (50, 50), (350, 350), 4)\n\n if (TTT[0][2] == TTT[1][1] == TTT[2][0]) and (TTT[0][2] is not None):\n # game won diagonally right to left\n winner = TTT[0][2]\n pg.draw.line (screen, (250,70,70), (350, 50), (50, 350), 4)\n\n if(all([all(row) for row in TTT]) and winner is None ):\n draw = True\n draw_status()<\/pre>\n
def drawXO(row,col):\n global TTT,XO\n if row==1:\n posx = 30\n if row==2:\n posx = width\/3 + 30\n if row==3:\n posx = width\/3*2 + 30\n\n if col==1:\n posy = 30\n if col==2:\n posy = height\/3 + 30\n if col==3:\n posy = height\/3*2 + 30\n TTT[row-1][col-1] = XO\n if(XO == 'x'):\n screen.blit(x_img,(posy,posx))\n XO= 'o'\n else:\n screen.blit(o_img,(posy,posx))\n XO= 'x'\n pg.display.update()\n #print(posx,posy)\n #print(TTT)\n<\/pre>\n
def userClick():\n #get coordinates of mouse click\n x,y = pg.mouse.get_pos()\n\n #get column of mouse click (1-3)\n if(x<width\/3):\n col = 1\n elif (x<width\/3*2):\n col = 2\n elif(x<width):\n col = 3\n else:\n col = None\n\n #get row of mouse click (1-3)\n if(y<height\/3):\n row = 1\n elif (y<height\/3*2):\n row = 2\n elif(y<height):\n row = 3\n else:\n row = None\n #print(row,col)\n\n if(row and col and TTT[row-1][col-1] is None):\n global XO\n\n #draw the x or o on screen\n drawXO(row,col)\n check_win()\n<\/pre>\n
def reset_game():\n global TTT, winner,XO, draw\n time.sleep(3)\n XO = 'x'\n draw = False\n game_opening()\n winner=None\n TTT = [[None]*3,[None]*3,[None]*3]<\/pre>\n
game_opening()\n\n# run the game loop forever\nwhile(True):\n for event in pg.event.get():\n if event.type == QUIT:\n pg.quit()\n sys.exit()\n elif event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:\n # the user clicked; place an X or O\n userClick()\n if(winner or draw):\n reset_game()\n\n pg.display.update()\n CLOCK.tick(fps)<\/pre>\n
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