{"id":75368,"date":"2020-01-22T09:46:15","date_gmt":"2020-01-22T04:16:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techvidvan.com\/tutorials\/?p=75368"},"modified":"2020-01-22T09:46:15","modified_gmt":"2020-01-22T04:16:15","slug":"python-range-function","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/techvidvan.com\/tutorials\/python-range-function\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Range() Function – Learn to iterate numbers using loops"},"content":{"rendered":"

We have already used the range()<\/strong> function<\/strong> in our Python loops<\/strong> tutorial but in this article, we are going to understand the range() function in more detail.<\/p>\n

So, let\u2019s start with the Python range() function tutorial.<\/p>\n

Python Range Function\"python<\/a><\/h3>\n

The range() function in Python is an inbuilt<\/strong> method which is used to generate<\/strong> a list<\/strong> of numbers<\/strong> which we can iterate on using loops<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

The range() function is a renamed version in Python(3.x)<\/strong> of a function named xrange()<\/strong> in Python(2.x)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

Python range function has basically three arguments<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Start:<\/strong> Integer representing the start<\/strong> of the range object.<\/li>\n
  • Stop:<\/strong> Integer representing the end<\/strong> of the range object.<\/li>\n
  • Step(optional):<\/strong> Integer representing the increment<\/strong> after each value.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    The range() function<\/strong> can be called in three<\/strong> ways –<\/p>\n

      \n
    • range(stop)<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • range(start, stop)<\/strong><\/li>\n
    • range(start, stop, step)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Let’s discuss the above ways of Python range functions in detail.<\/p>\n

      1. range(stop) – One argument<\/h3>\n

      The range() function<\/strong> with one parameter takes the stop<\/strong> argument<\/strong> and it then returns us a range<\/strong> object<\/strong> from values between 0<\/strong> to stop – 1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      We can iterate<\/strong> over the range object<\/strong> using a loop<\/strong> or we can also convert<\/strong> the range<\/strong> into a list<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

      Let see the example.<\/p>\n

      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      print( range(5))\nprint( list(range(5)))<\/pre>\n
      Output: <\/strong><\/p>\n
      range(0,5)
      \n[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]<\/div>\n
      Here, we called the function range(5)<\/strong> and it generated<\/strong> numbers between 0<\/strong> to (5-1)<\/strong> i.e. 0<\/strong> to 4<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      print( list(range(10) ))\nprint( list(range(-4) ))<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
      \n[]<\/div>\n
      2. range( start, stop) – Two arguments<\/h3>\n
      The range function with two argument<\/strong> takes the start<\/strong> and stop<\/strong> arguments. This way we can generate<\/strong> the range<\/strong> object between<\/strong> any two integer values<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      The integer values can be from positive<\/strong> to negative<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      print( list(range(5, 10)) )\nprint( list(range( -2, 4)) )\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      [5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
      \n[-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3]<\/div>\n
      Here, we see that the range(start, stop)<\/strong> function will generate<\/strong> numbers from start<\/strong> to stop<\/strong> –<\/strong> 1<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      We can also generate between negative integers<\/strong> but if the start value<\/strong> is greater<\/strong> or equal<\/strong> to stop value<\/strong>, then we will get an empty list<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      print( list(range(4, 0)) )\nprint( list(range(-2, -10)) )<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      []
      \n[]<\/div>\n
      3. range( start, stop, step) – Three arguments<\/h3>\n
      The range()<\/strong> function with three arguments<\/strong> take the start<\/strong>, stop<\/strong> and a step<\/strong> as an argument. With the step argument, we get more flexibility<\/strong> in generating numbers<\/strong> within<\/strong> a range<\/strong>. This is useful in skipping<\/strong> numbers between<\/strong> the range<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      print( list(range(0,10,2)) )\nprint( list(range(-5,5,3)) )<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      [0, 2, 4, 6, 8]
      \n[-5, -2, 1, 4]<\/div>\n
      Here in the first line, we generated numbers from 0<\/strong> to 10-1<\/strong> by incrementing<\/strong> with 2<\/strong>. In the second-line, we also saw the same with negative numbers<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Recently we told you that the start<\/strong> should be smaller<\/strong> than stop<\/strong> otherwise we will get an empty list<\/strong>. There\u2019s a way around by using a negative integer<\/strong> in step. It then decrements<\/strong> the numbers.<\/p>\n
      Let\u2019s see this with an example.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      print( list(range(10,0,-1)) )\nprint( list(range(5,-5,-2)) )<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      [10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
      \n[5, 3, 1, -1, -3]<\/div>\n
      Note:<\/strong> The range()<\/strong> function only takes integer values<\/strong> in its argument and the third<\/strong> argument cannot<\/strong> be zero<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Iterating on range object<\/h3>\n
      We saw the working<\/strong> of the range()<\/strong> function and now let\u2019s see the application<\/strong>. This function is mostly used in loops<\/strong> to iterate<\/strong> over a range of numbers<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      The advantage<\/strong> of this method is that it does not<\/strong> generate<\/strong> all the numbers range<\/strong> at once<\/strong>. It yields<\/strong> the sequence<\/strong> one by one<\/strong> so it is memory efficient<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      for i in range(4):\n  print(i)<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      0
      \n1
      \n2
      \n3<\/div>\n
      Note:<\/strong> The range() function only supports integers<\/strong> in the argument.<\/p>\n
      Using a float value<\/strong> in range()<\/strong> will raise<\/strong> an error<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Code:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      for i in range(3.4):\n  print(i)<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      Traceback (most recent call last):
      \n\u00a0\u00a0<\/span>File “<stdin>”, line 1, in <module>
      \nTypeError: ‘float’ object cannot be interpreted as an integer<\/div>\n
      Summary<\/h3>\n
      In this article, we talked everything about the range() function<\/strong> which is the built-in function<\/strong> of Python<\/strong>. We saw three<\/strong> different ways<\/strong> to call<\/strong> the range() function<\/strong> based on the number of arguments passed<\/strong>. Moreover, we saw the application<\/strong> of range()<\/strong> function in loops<\/strong>.<\/p>\n
      Now you can easily use Python range() function in your programs.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      We have already used the range() function in our Python loops tutorial but in this article, we are going to understand the range() function in more detail. So, let\u2019s start with the Python range()...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":75588,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1053],"tags":[1345,1346,1347,1348,1349,1350,1351],"class_list":["post-75368","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-python","tag-iterating-on-range-object","tag-python-range-argument-start","tag-python-range-argument-step","tag-python-range-argument-stop","tag-python-range-function","tag-python-range-function-arguments","tag-range-function-in-python"],"yoast_head":"\nPython Range() Function - Learn to iterate numbers using loops - TechVidvan<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Python range function - Explore the inbuilt method of Python which is range function in Python. 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