{"id":80723,"date":"2021-05-19T09:00:08","date_gmt":"2021-05-19T03:30:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/techvidvan.com\/tutorials\/?p=80723"},"modified":"2021-05-19T09:00:08","modified_gmt":"2021-05-19T03:30:08","slug":"python-array-module","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/techvidvan.com\/tutorials\/python-array-module\/","title":{"rendered":"Python Arrays | Python Array Module"},"content":{"rendered":"

Array is yet another interesting topic of python, which covers and requires a good knowledge of basics before actually applying it. But the article is of course, one more magic spell from fairy basket, so why would it be partial to any coder? <\/span><\/p>\n

This article takes you from basic to advanced knowledge of Python array modules. So, let’s get started.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

What is Array Module in Python?<\/h3>\n

The array module defines an object type that can compactly represent an array of some basic values as characters, integers, floating-point numbers.<\/p>\n

Arrays are sequence types and behave similarly as lists, except that the type of objects stored in them is constrained.
\nThe module defines the following type:<\/p>\n

class array.array(typecode[, initializer]):<\/i><\/b> A new array whose items are restricted by the typecode, and initialized from the optional initializer value, which must be a list, a bytes-like object, or iterable over elements of the appropriate type.<\/span><\/p>\n

Here\u2019s a list of such type codes-<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Type Code<\/b><\/td>\nC Type<\/b><\/td>\nPython Type<\/b><\/td>\nMinimum size (bytes)<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
b<\/span><\/td>\nsigned char<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
B<\/span><\/td>\nunsigned char<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n1<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
u<\/span><\/td>\nPy_UNICODE<\/span><\/td>\nUnicode character;<\/span><\/p>\n

deprecated since Python 3.3<\/span><\/td>\n

2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
h<\/span><\/td>\nsigned short<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
H<\/span><\/td>\nunsigned short<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
i<\/span><\/td>\nsigned int<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
I<\/span><\/td>\nunsigned int<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
l<\/span><\/td>\nsigned long<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
L<\/span><\/td>\nunsigned long<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
q<\/span><\/td>\nsigned long long<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Q<\/span><\/td>\nunsigned long long<\/span><\/td>\nint<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
f<\/span><\/td>\nfloat<\/span><\/td>\nfloat<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
d<\/span><\/td>\ndouble<\/span><\/td>\nfloat<\/span><\/td>\n8<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

How to Import Python Arrays?<\/h3>\n

syntax<\/strong><\/p>\n

>>> import array<\/span><\/p>\n

Indexing an Array in Python<\/h4>\n
>>>\narray=[5,9,5,9]\n\nprint(array[1])\n<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
9<\/div>\n
Python Array Class \u2013 Data Items<\/h3>\n
The class\u00a0array<\/i>\u00a0has the following data items-<\/p>\n
1. Array.typecodes:<\/i><\/b> A string with all type codes.<\/span><\/p>\n
2. Array.typecode:<\/i><\/b> The typecode character used in creating the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
3. Array.itemsize: <\/i><\/b>The length of array\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.itemsize<\/span><\/p>\n
4. array.append(x): <\/i><\/b>Append new item with value x to the end of the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.append<\/span><\/p>\n
5. array.append(x):<\/i><\/b> Append new item with value x to the end of the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
6. array.pop([i]):<\/i><\/b>removes the element\u00a0 \u201ci\u201dwhich is parsed.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.pop<\/span><\/p>\n
7. array.remove(x): <\/i><\/b>Removes the first occurrence of x from the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.remove<\/span><\/p>\n
8. array.reverse():<\/i><\/b> Reverses the order of the items in the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.reverse<\/span><\/p>\n
9. array.index(x):<\/i><\/b> Returns the smallest i such that i is the index of the first occurrence of x in the array.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.index<\/span><\/p>\n
10. array.insert(i, x): <\/i><\/b>Inserts a new item with value x in the array before position i.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>>arr.insert<\/span><\/p>\n
11. array.buffer_info()<\/b><\/p>\n
This returns a tuple that holds the address in memory and the length of elements in the buffer that holds the contents of the array in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.buffer<\/span><\/p>\n
12. array.byteswap()<\/b><\/p>\n
This performs an operation of bytes wap on an array in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.byte<\/span><\/p>\n
13. array.count(x)<\/b><\/p>\n
\u00a0finds out how many 3s there are in our Python array in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.count<\/span><\/p>\n
14. array.extend(iterable)<\/b><\/p>\n
This attaches the iterable to the end of the array in Python in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.extend<\/span><\/p>\n
15. array.fromlist(list)<\/b><\/p>\n
This appends item from a list to the Python arrays in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.fromlist<\/span><\/p>\n
16. array.fromunicode(s)<\/b><\/p>\n
This appends the Unicode string in the runtime<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.unicode<\/span><\/p>\n
17. array.index(x)<\/b><\/p>\n
This returns the index for the first occurrence of x in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.index<\/span><\/p>\n
18. array.tobytes()<\/b><\/p>\n
returns a representation in bytes of the values of the array in the runtime<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.tobytes()<\/span><\/p>\n
19. array.tolist()<\/b><\/p>\n
converts the array into a list in the runtime.<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.tolist()<\/span><\/p>\n
\u00a020. array.tounicode()<\/b><\/p>\n
converts an array to a Unicode string in the runtime.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
>>> arr.tounicode<\/span><\/p>\n
How does Array Work in Python?<\/h3>\n
The array is stored in contiguous memory locations, where the index is a sequence of numbers that represents the values stored at every particular index.<\/p>\n
To access or refer to the value at a particular index in an array we make use of a set of square brackets [ ],(as in lists) also we can use the for-in loop to iterate through the array. The array has indices and values.<\/p>\n
Array Module Example in python<\/strong><\/p>\n
import array as arr\na=arr.array('I', [10 , 20 ,50] )\nprint(\"Element at 0th index: \" , a[0])\nprint(\"Element at 1st  index: \" , a[1])\nprint(\"Element at 2nd index: \" , a[2])\n<\/pre>\n
Output<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n
Element at 0th index: 10<\/span>Element at 1st index: 20<\/span><\/p>\n
Element at 2nd index: 50<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Python Array Representation<\/h3>\n
Arrays can be declared in various ways and in different languages. The important points that should be considered are as follows:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • Index always starts with 0.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • We can access each element using its index.<\/span><\/li>\n
  • The length of the array defines the capacity to store the elements.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    Python Array Operations<\/h3>\n
    Some of the basic operations supported by an array are:<\/span><\/p>\n
      \n
    • Traverse<\/b> – It prints all elements one by one.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Insertion<\/b> – It adds an element at a given index.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Deletion<\/b> – It deletes elements at the given index.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Search<\/b> – It searches the element using the given index or by the value.<\/span><\/li>\n
    • Update<\/b> – It updates elements at the given index.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
      Searching Element in Python Array Example:
      \n<\/strong><\/p>\n
      from array import *\narray_techvidvan = array(\u2018i\u2019, [0,1,2,3,4,5])\nprint (array_techvidvan.index(3))\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      1<\/div>\n
      Example of Traversing Array in Python
      \n<\/strong><\/p>\n
      from array import *\narray_TechVidvan = [0,1,2,3,4,5]\nfor x in array_TechVidvan:\n print (x)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
      0<\/span>1<\/span><\/p>\n
      2<\/span><\/p>\n
      3<\/span><\/p>\n
      4<\/span><\/p>\n
      5<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      Creating Python Arrays<\/h3>\n
      for creating an array of numeric values, the coder needs to import the array module in runtime.<\/p>\n
      Example to Create Array in Python<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array as arr\np = arr.array('q', [1,5])\nprint(p)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      array(‘q’, [1,5])<\/span><\/div>\n
      Accessing Python Array Elements<\/h3>\n
      Example to access Python Array Elements:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array as arr\np = arr.array('j', [2,  80])\nprint(\"First element of list:\", p[0])\nprint(\"Second element of list:\", p[1])\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      First element of list: 2
      \nSecond element of list: 80<\/div>\n
      Changing and Adding Elements in Python Array<\/h3>\n
      Arrays are mutable therefore their elements can be changed in a similar way as lists in the code.<\/span><\/p>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array as arr\nnumb = arr.array('k', [1, 109])\nnumb[0] = 0    \nprint(numb)     \n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      array(‘k’, [0,109])<\/span><\/div>\n
      adding elements in array<\/span><\/p>\n
      extend()<\/b>: it appends iterable to the end of the array in any code.<\/span><\/p>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      numb.extend([5])\nprint(numb)  \n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      array(‘i’, [1,30,5])<\/span><\/div>\n
      Removing Python Array Elements<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array as arr\nnumb = arr.array('k', [1, 2,3 ])\ndel numb[2]  \nprint(numb) \n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      error<\/span><\/div>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      del numb \nprint(numb)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      Traceback (most recent call last):
      \nNameError: name ‘numb’ is not defined<\/div>\n
      Searching an element in an Array<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array \n   \narr = array.array('k', [1, 2])  \n  \nprint (\"The new created array is : \", end =\"\") \nfor k in range (0, 2): \n    print (arr[k], end =\" \") \n<\/pre>\n
      Output:
      \n<\/strong><\/p>\n
      1<\/div>\n
      Updating Elements in an Array<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      import array\nprint (\"Array before\", end =\" \")\nfor k in range (0,2):\n    print ([k], end =\" \")\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      Array before [0] [1]\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n
      Looping Array Elements in Python<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      list=[1,0]\nfor i in list:\n  print(i)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
      10<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      Calculating Length of an Array in Python<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      l=[1,0]\ni = len(l)\nprint(i)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      2<\/div>\n
      Slicing Arrays in Python<\/h3>\n
      By using the slicing operator (:), it\u2019s possible to access a range of elements present in the array in Python programming language. The following code snippet demonstrates using the slicing operator with an array :<\/p>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      number_list = [2, 4, 22, 25, 24, 52, 46,10]\nfor i in range(1,5):\n    print(i)\nfor j in range(5,8):\n    print(j)\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
      1<\/span>2<\/span><\/p>\n
      3<\/span><\/p>\n
      4<\/span><\/p>\n
      5<\/span><\/p>\n
      6<\/span><\/p>\n
      7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      Arrays are mutable. Hence, their elements can be changed similarly as lists.The <\/span>append()<\/span><\/i> method is used for adding one element to an array while <\/span>extend()<\/span><\/i> method allows adding multiple elements. These new elements are added at the end of the array. <\/span><\/p>\n
      Although knowing how to deal with arrays isn\u2019t a compulsory part of learning Python, being able to do so is surely an added advantage.Typically, the array module is generally\u00a0 required for interfacing with C code.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n
      Python Lists Vs Arrays<\/h3>\n
      Code<\/strong><\/p>\n
      a = [1, 3.5, \"TechVidvan\"] \nimport array as arr\n# Error\na = arr.array('d', [1, 3.5, \"TechVidvan\"])\n<\/pre>\n
      Output:<\/strong><\/p>\n
      \n
      Traceback (most recent call last):<\/span>\u00a0\u00a0File “<string>”, line 3, in <module><\/span><\/p>\n
      TypeError: must be real number, not str<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n
      Summary<\/h3>\n
      At the end of the article, we got an idea of how an array is similar to a list in many aspects, but surely there is a difference. The array is not very much recommended in Python as stated earlier but knowing it will add to your knowledge.<\/p>\n
      A good coder is someone who knows every aspect of code, and practice is a definite key. Try and check out array() yourself. Happy Pythonning!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      Array is yet another interesting topic of python, which covers and requires a good knowledge of basics before actually applying it. 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