Learn Python with Free Tutorial

Learn Python

Why should I learn this language? Is it easy to learn this language? What are its applications? I am sure many of you would be having these questions before you start any programming language, including Python. So, here we are with an article to give a complete introduction to Python.

Features of Python

On getting some introduction to Python, it’s time to learn more about it. Here are the features of Python Programming:

It has a simple syntax
It supports all functional, structured, and object-oriented programming methods
It provides high-level dynamic data types and also supports dynamic data type checking.
It contains a wide range of library and package collection
It supports automatic garbage collection.
It can even be used as a scripting language and compiled into byte code for building large applications.
Also, it can be easily integrated with other languages like C, C++, Java, ActiveX, CORBA, and others.

Pros and Cons of Python

before learning Python, let’s now also know some of the advantages and disadvantages of Python. Starting with advantages, here is the list:

Simple and Easy Syntax

Python’s syntax is very simple, with no requirement of semicolons, brackets, etc., making it look similar to English. Thus, it is also beginner-friendly. The only thing that Python focuses on is indentation, 4 spacing. Due to its simplicity & ease of use, its maintenance cost is also less.

Dynamic Typing

In Python programming, there is no need to declare variables as int, float, str, etc. You can just write a variable name and assign the value. The data type of variable gets assigned dynamically during runtime. Also, the variable type can be changed during the coding process, facilitating dynamic coding

Free, Open Source, and Portable

Python is free to use and also has an open-source license. Therefore, its source code is available to the public for free for access. This helps companies or people to modify according to their needs and use their version.

Also, Python is platform-independent. That is, the code you write can be run on any of the Windows, Mac, or Linux operating systems with no changes, called Write Once Run Anywhere (WORA). However, care should be taken with system-dependent features.

Vast Library

Python contains a wide range of libraries and modules like NumPy, Pandas, Tkinter, Django, etc. These modules contain various inbuilt functions and algorithms, making the coding process easier and the code look simple. These can be easily installed using the python package installer (PIP).

Wide Variety of Applications

As discussed above, Python is a versatile language with tons of applications like machine learning, AI, deep learinng, data science, web development, making desktop GUIs, app development, etc. Due to its features, it has become a preferred language by many professionals in different areas like engineering, mathematics, and science.

Extensibility and Integrability

Python can also integrate with many other languages like C, C++, and Java, helping in cross-platform application development and also in using the features of other language. This feature helps while building projects.

Interpreted Language

As we know, Python is an interpreted language, the python code gets executed one line at a time till it encounters an error or reaches the end of the program. This helps in debugging the code as it stops execution and throw the error to the console.

Functional, Object-Oriented, and Procedural

A procedural language is the one in which the code gets executed from top to bottom. A functional language is based on functions, rather than just statements. Whereas, the information is treated as real-world objects with properties and behaviors in object-orientated language. Do you Python is a procedural, functional, and object-oriented language!?

Excellent Memory Management

Python also excels in managing its memory with a separate library. It uses a private heap to hold the objects and data structures in memory.

Vast Community

Python has an active and huge community that continuously does improvements regularly. They also allow the availability of the detailed information on Python to ease the developer.

Talking about the disadvantages, here are some:

Simple Nature

Ironically, this is also a disadvantage because the simplicity makes it hard for a developer to adapt the syntax of the other programming languages.

Slow Speed and High Memory

Being an interpreter language makes it slower in execution. The dynamic nature also decreases the speed because it does extra work during the runtime. Also, it occupies a large amount of memory!

Weak Mobile Computation

Python has many applications on the server side but is hardly used for client-side or mobile applications. Large memory, slow execution, security, and database access issues are some of the reasons for it.

Runtime Errors due to dynamic typing

Because it’s a dynamically typed language, the variable type can be changed during the program. This might also happen unnoticeably leading to runtime errors, making it is difficult to test.

Why choose Python?

I think by know you got an idea of why you need to choose Python over the others. But for the sake of completion, let’s re-discuss the points:

It has a simple syntax that looks a lot like the English language.
Also, it reduces the lines of code with simple syntax and built in function
It can work on different platforms like Windows, Mac, Linux, Raspberry Pi, etc.
It can be procedural, object-oriented, or functional.

How to get started with Python?

In this digital era, everything is found on the internet. The same thing applies to Python as well. You can visit our website, TechVIdvan, with multiple tutorials/ articles on Python covering basic to advanced Python concepts, including projects.

You can start with learning syntax, basic constructs like loops, and conditional statements. Then move to data structures and OOPs concepts. This would give you a base to grow in the direction of your interest, whether web development, AI, etc.

Applications of Python

Here are the top applications of Python you can look for:

Web Development: Python contains different frameworks for web development with popular ones being Django, Flask, and Pyramid. These frameworks not only provided wase but are also known for security, flexibility, scalability.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning: There is a large number of open-source libraries that Python provides which contain algorithms built-in for developing AI/ML applications.
Game Development: PySoy and PyGame are two python libraries that are popularly used for building games.
Desktop GUI: Desktop Python offers many toolkits and frameworks like PyQt, PyGtk, and PyGUI, which can be used to build desktop applications.
Image Processing: OpenCV, ImageIo, and many more Python libraries provide various functions to process the images for extracting information for them. This information is used in research areas and for automation.

Why Learn Python?

Python is a popular, powerful, and versatile programming language that is widely used in a variety of fields. It is well renowned for being straightforward, readable, and simple to use, making it a fantastic option for both novice and seasoned programmers. In this article, we will discuss some of the reasons why you should consider learning Python.

Widely Used in Many Industries: Web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, machine learning, and scientific computing are just a few of the fields where Python is employed. The demand for Python developers is anticipated to increase over the coming years, which implies that there are several career prospects available for people who are fluent in the language.
Easy to Learn and Use: Python’s popularity can be partly attributed to how simple it is to understand and use. Its syntax is simple, clean, and readable, making it accessible to people with little or no programming experience. Additionally, there are several resources accessible to assist you in learning Python because of the language’s sizable and vibrant community.
Large Standard Library: Python comes with a large standard library, which means that you have access to a wide range of pre-built modules and functions. This makes it easy to perform common tasks, such as reading and writing files, connecting to web servers, and working with data.
Versatile Language: Python is a flexible language that can be applied to many different types of activities. It is suitable for small scripts, as well as large, complex projects. It can be utilised for scientific computing, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and web development.
Good for prototyping: Python is an interpreted language, which enables line-by-line execution and enables speedy development, testing, and experimentation. This makes it a great language to use when you’re still figuring out the requirements of a project, or when you’re experimenting with new ideas.

Future of Python

Growing Ecosystem of Libraries and Tools: Python has a rich ecosystem of libraries and tools, which makes it easy to perform a wide range of tasks and allows developers to easily integrate it with other technologies.
Investment in Python Development: The Python community and organizations continue to invest in the development of the language and its ecosystem, which will help to keep it relevant and up-to-date in the future.

In conclusion, the future of Python looks bright, as it continues to be a versatile and widely-used programming language that is well-suited for a wide range of tasks. As data science, AI, and other cutting-edge technologies continue to grow, the demand for Python is likely to continue to rise.

Companies Using Python

Netflix: Netflix uses Python for a number of tasks, including security automation and data analysis.
Reddit: Reddit uses Python for its back-end services, as well as for data analysis and machine learning tasks.
Quora: Quora uses Python for data analysis and back-end services, as well as for building machine learning models.
Uber: Uber uses Python for a number of tasks, including data analysis, machine learning, and back-end services.

Getting to know about Python Syntax

The simple syntax of Python is one of the factors that make it so approachable for novices. We’ll look more closely at Python’s syntax and how programs are written in this article.

Indentation: Python employs indentation to show how a program is structured. In Python, code blocks are defined by their indentation level, rather than by curly braces or keywords like “begin” and “end.” This makes Python code easy to read and understand, as the indentation makes the code structure clear.
Comments: In Python, comments start with the “#” symbol. Anything following the “#” symbol on a line is ignored by the interpreter and is only there for the benefit of the programmer. Comments are used to explain what the code does, making it easier for others to understand and maintain.
Data Types: Strings, integers, floats, lists, and dictionaries are just a few of the built-in data types that Python supports. These data types are used to store and manipulate data in a program. A list can be used to hold a group of elements, whereas a string can be used to store a word or a sentence.
Variables: In Python, variables are used to store data. A variable is a term used to identify a value.. For example, you can create a variable called “x” and assign it the value of 5. The variable can then be used in a program to refer to that value. Variable names can be composed of letters, numbers, and underscores, but they cannot start with a number.
Operators: Python has several built-in operators that can be used to perform mathematical and logical operations. These include arithmetic operators (+, -, *, /), comparison operators (>, =, <=, ==, !=), and logical operators (and, or, not). These operators can be used to manipulate data and control the flow of a program.
Control Flow: Python contains a number of control flow statements that can be used to manage the progress of a programme, including if-else, for loops, and while loops. These statements allow you to make decisions and repeat actions based on certain conditions.
Function and Modules: Code can be organised and reused with the help of functions and modules. While modules are collections of functions and other pieces of code that may be imported into a programme, functions are blocks of code that can be called repeatedly.

Reserved Keywords in Python

In Python, there are a set of reserved keywords that have special meaning and cannot be used as variable names or function names. The following is a list of some of Python’s most popular reserved keywords:

and: Used for logical and operations.
as: Used to create an alias for a module when importing it.
break: Used to exit a loop.
class: Used to define a class.
continue: used to start the next iteration of a loop without finishing the current one.
def: Used to define a function.
del: Used to remove a list’s item from an object or element.
elif: Short for “else if”, used in an if-elif-else statement.
else: Used in an if-else statement or an if-elif-else statement.
except: Used in a try-except statement to catch exceptions.
finally: used to designate a piece of code that will always be performed in a try-except-finally statement.

Data Types in Python

Python comes with a variety of built-in data types, including texts, integers, and floating-point numbers. Whole numbers like 1, 2, and 3 are known as integers, but those containing decimal points like 1.0, 2.5, and 3.14 are known as floating-point numbers. Character sequences known as strings include “hello” and “world.”

Variables in Python

In Python, variables are used to store values. To create a variable, you simply give it a name and assign it a value using the assignment operator (=). For example, x = 5 assigns the value 5 to the variable x. You can also use variables to store the results of calculations or the value of an expression.

Control Structures in Python

Python has several control structures that allow you to control the flow of your program. The most commonly used control structures are if-else statements, for loops, and while loops.

If-else statements are used to make decisions in your code. For instance, take action if x exceeds y; else, take another action.
For loops are used to repeatedly iterate over a list or string of elements. For example, for i in range(10): will execute the indented code 10 times, with i taking on the values 0 through 9.

While loops are employed to repeatedly run a section of code as long as a specific criterion is met. For example, while x < 10: will execute the indented code as long as x is less than 10.

Functions in Python

Blocks of code called functions can be used repeatedly throughout your application. The def keyword is used to define them, then the function name is enclosed in a set of parentheses. For example, def add(x, y): will define a function called add that takes two arguments, x and y, and returns the sum of the two.

Conclusion

To sum up, we can state that Python is a strong and adaptable programming language that is extensively utilised in a variety of industries, including web development, data research, artificial intelligence, and more. It is easy to learn and understand, making it a great choice for beginners and professionals alike.

In this tutorial, we covered a wide range of topics including data types, variables, operators, control structures, functions, and modules. We also covered some of the most commonly used built-in functions and modules and provided code examples to illustrate how they can be used.

Additionally, we discussed the importance of understanding and using reserved keywords in Python. With the right tools and knowledge, anyone can become proficient in Python and start building their own programs and applications. By following this tutorial, you should now have a solid foundation in Python, and be well equipped to start exploring and experimenting with the language on your own.